Perovskite solar cells are valued for their low-cost, solution-based manufacturing, but their widespread deployment is hindered by poor interfacial adhesion, limited mechanical robustness, and vulnerability to moisture, UV radiation, and heat. These challenges arise at scales ranging from the molecular to the device level.
Led by Associate Professor ZHOU Yuanyuan from HKUST's Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and the Energy Institute, the researchers propose a systematic redesign of perovskite solar cells inspired by nature's hierarchical structures. For example, plant leaves and insect exoskeletons offer models for thermal regulation, durability, and efficient light absorption.
The strategy includes three design levels: molecular, where bio-inspired interactions guide crystal formation and limit degradation; microscale, where self-healing and reinforcement mechanisms are implemented; and device level, where biological analogs like moth eyes and beetle shells inform functional architecture for light and thermal management.
"Nature provides an abundant reservoir of design solutions to help us build solar materials that can thrive in real-world conditions," said Prof. Zhou. "We've already translated some of these strategies into synthetic energy devices."
The research builds on two recent advances by Prof. Zhou's group. The first involves a chiral interface design using R-/S-methylbenzylammonium, which mimics biological springs to enhance mechanical durability-this study appeared in Science. The second features a laminated, multi-layer interfacial structure that mimics biological membranes to suppress defects and improve energy alignment-this was published in Nature Synthesis.
The team emphasizes sustainability by focusing on low-toxicity components and designs compatible with circular economies. Future work will prioritize selecting bio-derived molecules for improved crystal control, developing stress-triggered self-healing features, and optimizing multi-functional encapsulation for longevity and efficiency.
Dr. DUAN Tianwei, the study's first author and a Research Assistant Professor at HKUST, remarked, "This is not just about new materials; it represents a novel approach to solar technology, inspired by nature itself. By integrating bio-inspired structures, functions, and sustainability, we are excited about the new chapter unfolding in solar energy."
Research Report:Bio-inspired multiscale design for perovskite solar cells
Related Links
School of Engineering (SENG) at The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
All About Solar Energy at SolarDaily.com
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